Until the 1880s, how were news stories illustrated?
From engravings or woodcuts, images had to be reinterpereted by engraves before being published.
What is a camera obscura?
It’s an optical device that projects an image of its surroundings onto a screen.
Post an example of a camera obscura.
How did scholars and artists utilize the camera obscure?
It was used for safe observation of solar eclipses and the phases of the moon. Artists used it as a way to trace outside scenes and paint or draw them.
From where did the photographic camera develop?
From the portable camera obscura
Who first used the term "photography"? Where was is derived from?
Sir John Hershel, it is derived from the Greek words for “light” and “writing”.
Post an example of the first photograph.
Who is credited with making the first successful photograph?
Joseph Niépce
Post an example of a Daguerreotype image.
Who invented the Daguerreotype process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
Louis Daguerre, the advantages are that the exposure time was reduced to half an hour and that an image could be made permanent by immersing it in salt, but the disadvantages were that the process was expensive and the image could not be duplicated.
Post an example of a Calotype image.
Who invented the Calotype process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
William Fox Talbot, Advantages: an unlimited amount of copies could be made; Disadvantages: Not as striking as the photos from the Daguerreotype process.
Post an example of a Wet Collodion Process image.
Who invented the Wet Collodion process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
Fredrick Scott Archer, Advantages: Reduced exposure time to 2 or 3 seconds, it was significantly cheaper than the previous processes, and it produced a much sharper image; Disadvantages: Plates had to be exposed and developed immediately white the plates were still wet, which meant darkrooms had to be portable.
Post an example of a Dry Plate Process image.
Who invented the Dry Plate process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
Richard Maddox, Advantages: More convinient; Disadvantages: Still too complicated for the general public.
Who is George Eastman? What company did he establish?
The founder of Kodak, he also created film rolls and a camera to go with them that was accessible to the general public.
Post an example of The Kodak Camera from 1888.
In 1888, he produced a camera that used his flexible roll film. How did he make this camera/photography accessible to the public?
He made it cheap and portable, and he gave the people an easy way to have their pictures developed.
What is Edwin Land best known for? What company did he establish?
Patenting polarized light filters, and his invention of instant photography. He founded the Polaroid Corporation in 1937.
Post a photo of the first Polaroid camera.
How long did the first Polaroid camera take to produce a photo?
60 seconds.
What was Eadweard Muybridge known for?
Paving the way for motion picture photography.
Post a photo of the Zoopraxiscope.
What is the Zoopraxiscope?
A device used to project a series of images in successive phases of motion.
Post a photo of Muybridge's horse in motion.
How did Muybridge settle the debate and photograph a horse in motion?
By using a series of large cameras placed in a line, each being triggered by a thread as the horse passed by.
In 1880s, the development of the motion picture camera allowed this?
Individual images to be captured and stored on a single film reel.
Post a photo of a motion picture projector.
What is a motion picture projector?
A projector that shines a light through the film and magnify the “moving picture” onto a screen for an audience.
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