What is Johannes Gutenberg credited with?
Inventing the technology of printing with moveable type.
Post a photo of the Gutenberg Press.
How did the printing press work?
Ink was rolled over a raised surface of moveable hand set block letters held within a wooden form. The form was then pressed againsed a sheet of paper.
What motivated Gutenberg to find a better way of creating books?
Working at a mint, and his love of reading
Why did Gutenberg experiment with metal type versus wood type?
Because it was much more durable and it could be reproduced more quickly once a single mold could be made.
Post an example of movable type in a type case.
What is moveable type?
The system of printing that uses moveable components to reproduce the elements of a document (usually individual letters and punctuation).
What is a matrix?
A softer copper bar used for creating uniform pieces of type.
What ink did Gutenberg develop that he used specifically for the printing press?
Oil-based ink
What is paper made from? Where did paper originate?
A substrate made from wood pulp, it was created in 105 AD by Ts’ai Lun.
What is a "substrate"?
A substance or layer that underlies something, or on which some process occurs
Who did Gutenberg seek to help with the invention of the press? Close to the end of the 5 years, what happened?
John Fust, he sued Gutenberg to get his money and won.
What was the first book he printed?
The bible
Post an example of this book.
How did the Gutenberg Press impact communication?
It perfected script and made it easier to read, books could be made more rapidly, and current information could be shared more easily around the world. Cost decreased and demand and literacy went up. People wanted books in their languages and a greater variety of books. Book trade and industries such as papermaking flourished, and economies became stronger. Art and science also flourished.
Who introduced the printing press to England?
William Caxton
What was the early form of newspapers?
Trade newsletters
When was the first news weekly published? What was it called?
The Boston newsletter, it was first published in 1704.
What kind of press was built in the US in the mid 1800s?
The steam powered rotary press.
Post an example of a 1930s printing press.
By the late 1930s, presses had increased in efficiency and were capable of 2,500 to 3,500 impressions per hour. What is meant by "impression"?
Which printing process is the Gutenberg press an example of? Briefly describe the process?
Relief printing, moveable type is placed into the press. Ink is spread onto the type. Paper is placed on top. The press applies the direct pressure needed to transfer the ink to the paper.
Post an example of an intaglio press.
What is intaglio printing and how is ink transferred?
Printmaking, Image area is etched into the plate surface to hold ink. Ink is applied then rubbed with a cloth to remove excess ink. Damp paper is placed on top then a press applies pressure to transfer the ink to the paper.
Post an example of a screen (porous) printing press.
What is porous printing and how is ink transferred?
Basic stencil process, image carrier is attached to a screen. Ink is forced through open mesh areas.
Post an example of a lithography printing press.
What is lithography and how is ink transferred?
Printing from a flat surface. Artwork is made on the plate with greasy ink or crayon. Water is applied. When ink is spread on top, the greasy parts accept the ink; the wet parts do not.
Post an example of a offset lithography printing press.
What variation of lithography is used by the commercial printing industry today?
Offset lithography
How do printing presses used today compare to the Gutenberg Press?
They’re more advanced amd efficient, but they are still based on some of the same principals and used for some of the same purposes.
Describe four-color process printing using CMYK?
Printing presses use 4 colors of ink. The four inks are placed on the paper in layers of dots that combine to create the illusion of many more colors.
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